Even though CT is usually indicated, skull xrays are recommended in infants < 1 year old with scalp contusions or hematomas because these babies are at greatest risk of skull fracture.

Low risk for ICI
Observation is recommended
  • Low energy mechanism (fall < 3 feet)
  • no signs/symptoms more than 2 hours after injury
  • older age is more reassuring, especially > 12 months


Any child with an abnormal CT or depressed or basilar skull fracture should be evaluated by Neurosurgery. These patients are usually admitted to the hospital. Even those with normal CT and neuro exam may be considered for admission with any of the following:

  • < 6 months old
  • large scalp swelling
  • fracture from a high-energy mechanism (fall from 2nd story)
  • fracture location is a concern (e.g. crosses suture, venous sinus or extends into posterior fossa)




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