Intermediate risk for ICI
CT or observation is recommended with any potential indicators of ICI
  • vomiting, 3 or 4 episodes
  • transient LOC < 1 minute
  • history of lethargy/irritability, now resolved
  • behavior reported by caretaker to be not at baseline
  • nonacute skull fracture (> 24 hours old)


Note that the presence of a skull fracture is one of the strongest predictors of ICI in children < 2 years old.

Intermediate risk for ICI
CT/skull xray or observation is recommended with concerning or
unknown mechanism of injury or findings on exam of skull fracture
  • higher force mechanism (MVA or falls > 3 feet)
  • falls onto hard surfaces
  • scalp hematoma, esp. if large or temporoparietal
  • unwitnessed trauma
  • vague/absent history of trauma - suspicious for child abuse




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